Server Side attacks
Server-side attacks can be highly effective and relatively easy to execute, especially if the victim is on the same network as the attacker. This is why when considering IT security, the first line of defense must focus on controlling access to the network.
As we all know, relying on a single security measure is never enough. Hackers constantly search for vulnerabilities, and each day brings new opportunities for them to exploit weaknesses. Therefore having layered IT security measures, starting from network access control, is crucial for a robust defense.
However, let’s dive deeper into these attacks. Every device connected to the network is essentially a computer, collectively referred to as machines These machines run various software and services, which, over time, may become vulnerable to specific attacks. Regular updates to these systems and services are one of the most effective ways to mitigate such risks.
Software updates not only provide new features but also address discovered security vulnerabilities. Skipping updates exposes your systems to known exploits.
The anatomy of a server-side attack
So far, we’ve discussed the concept of a server-side attack, but how does one actually unfold? The process generally follows these steps:
- Discovering ports and running services
- Identifying vulnerabilities
- Locating suitable exploits
- Executing exploitation
We’ve highlighted the importance of network security, but what happens if the first line of defense is breached and an attacker gains access to your network? What follows largely depends on the specifics of your environment.
Reconnaissance
Once inside the network, the attacker’s first move is typically to scan the environment. This is your first chance to detect suspicious activity or a potential attack.
To achieve this, you need security software that can actively monitor your network and alert you or your administrator to any anomalies. Tools such as Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) and Endpoint Protection Platforms (EPP) are critical here.
A basic network scan with tools like nmap is similar to hide and seek, where someone loudly announces, 'I’m not hiding here!'. If attackers locate a known vulnerability in deprecated system versions, launching an exploit becomes especially easy. Security software can detect such scans and flag them for further investigation.
Many enterprise-grade antivirus programs offer built-in network monitoring capabilities, so it’s worth exploring these features to ensure your network is secure.
Enumeration and Exploitation
If the initial defenses fail or are bypassed, the attacker progresses to the next phase: gathering detailed information about the network. This includes open ports, running services, protocols in use, and operating system details.
With this information in hand, attackers search for vulnerabilities associated with the detected software and systems. If they locate a known vulnerability and find an exploit, the next step is launching the attack. This is especially easy to do if the system versions are deprecated. Keeping systems up to date is crucial, as hackers actively exploit unpatched vulnerabilities. A system that hasn’t been updated becomes an easy target for attackers using automated tools to scan for outdated software. Staying current with updates ensures these vulnerabilities are closed off before hackers can take advantage of them, significantly reducing the attack surface.
After finding a vulnerability for the system version, exploitation can happen within minutes, potentially granting the attacker unauthorized access to a victim’s machine. This compromises not just the machine itself but potentially the entire network.
Mitigating Server-Side Attacks
Now that we’ve explored the worst-case scenario, let’s discuss the key security measures required to mitigate these risks:
- Implement Strong Network Access Controls
- Use network segmentation to limit access between devices.
- Enforce secure authentication mechanisms (e.g., multi-factor authentication).
- Set up firewalls and restrict open ports to the minimum necessary.
- Regularly Update Systems and Software
- Ensure all machines are running the latest security patches.
- Monitor software lifecycle policies and replace unsupported software.
- Deploy Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems
- Use security tools and softwares we mentioned before.
- Configure alerts for suspicious network activity.
- Perform Regular Security Assessments
- Conduct penetration testing to identify weaknesses before attackers do.
- Use vulnerability scanners to maintain an up-to-date inventory of risks.